Green Chemistry Education among Senior High School Chemistry Teachers: Knowledge, Perceptions, and Level of Integration
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32871/rmrj2109.02.04Keywords:
Green Chemistry Education, teachers’ perception, level of knowledge, extent of integrationAbstract
Green Chemistry (GC) integration in environmental education has improved understanding of managing pollutants and their impacts. However, the extent of integration in the science curriculum is not widely known in the Philippines. In this convergent mixed-method design, the researchers determined the SHS Chemistry teachers’ (n=30) knowledge, perceptions, GC integration in Chemistry topics, and challenges in teaching Green Chemistry Education (GCE). Complementary quantitative and qualitative results showed valid and reliable findings, claiming that teachers have limited preconceived knowledge on GCE but perceived it as an essential part of the teaching-learning process. Awareness of chemical hazards and their impacts on the environment is often demonstrated but rarely elaborated during discussions in Chemistry classes. Problems encountered in teaching GCE were also identified. A moderate positive correlation between the teachers’ knowledge and their GC perception was observed. However, no significant relationship was found when the teachers’ knowledge and perception were correlated to GC integration.
References
Ajewole G.A., Nzewi U., & Aganga A.B. (2009).
Curriculum enrichment of science,
technology and mathematics education as
a basis for developing entrepreneurship
skills. In N. A. Udofia (Ed.). Developing
entrepreneurial skills through STM education:
50th Annual Conference, 2009 (pp. 26-30).
HEBN Publishers
Anastas, P. & Eghbali, N. (2010). Green chemistry:
Principles and practice. Chemical Society
Reviews, 39(1), 301-312.
https://doi.org/10.1039/b918763b.
Anastas, P.T. & Warner, J.C. (1998). Green chemistry:
Theory and practice. Oxford University Press.
Andraos, J. & Dicks, A. (2012). Green chemistry
in higher education: A review of effective practices.
Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 13, 69-79.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C1RP90065J
Aubrecht, K.B., Bourgeois, M., Brush, E.J., Mackellar, J., & Wissinger, J.E. (2019).
Integrating green chemistry in the curriculum: Building student skills in
systems thinking, safety, and sustainability.
Journal of Chemical Education, 96(12), 2872–2880.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00354
Auliah, A. & Mulyadi, M. (2018). Indonesian teachers’
perceptions on green chemistry principles: A
case study of a chemical analyst vocational school.
Journal of Physics : Conference series, 1028, 012942.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1028/1/012042
Ause, R. (2018). Green chemistry in secondary
schools. Physical Sciences Reviews, 4(2).
https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2018-0081
Ballard, J., & Mooring, S.R. (2021). Cleaning our
world through green chemistry: Introducing
high school students to the principles of
green chemistry using a case-based learning
module. Journal of Chemical Education, 98(4),1290-1295.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00312
Birt, L., Scott, S., Cavers, D., Campbell, C., & Walter, F.
(2016). Member checking: A tool to enhance
trustworthiness or merely a nod to validation?
Qualitative Health Research, 26(13),1802-1811.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316654870
Cann, M. & Dickneider, T. (2004). Infusing the green
chemistry curriculum with green chemistry
using real-world examples, web modules, and
atom economy in organic chemistry courses.
Journal of Chemical Education, 81(7), 977-980.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed081p977
Collins T. (1995). Introducing green chemistry in
teaching and research. Journal of Chemical
Education, 72(11), 965–966.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed072p965
Creswell, J.W., & Plano-Clark, V.L. (2011). Designing
and conducting mixed methods research (2nd
ed.). Sage Publications.
Eze, C. (2015, May). Enriching chemistry teacher
education curriculum through integration of
green chemistry principles. Knowledge Review,
31(1), https://www.globalacademicgroup.
com/journals/knowledge%20review/
Chikwere.pdf
Gabucan, J., & Sanchez, J.M. (2021). Strategic
intervention material (SIM)-based instruction
in teaching global warming in 9th grade
science. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan
MIPA, 11(1), 15-24.
http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v11 i1.6448
Gross, E.M. (2012). Green chemistry and
sustainability: An undergraduate course for
science and nonscience majors. Journal of
Chemistry Education, 90(4), 429-431.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed200756z
Haack, J. (2016). Green chemistry education: 25
years of progress and 25 years ahead. ACS
Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering,
4(11), 5889-5896.
https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02069
Hussei, A.A., & Ahmed, S. D. (2021). Awareness of
the principles of green chemistry among
middle school teachers. Turkish Journal of
Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(7), 475-483.
https://doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i7.2607
Hutchison, J.E. (2019). Systems thinking and green
chemistry: Powerful levers for curricular
change and adoption. Journal of Chemical
Education, 96(12) 2777–2783.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00334
Karpudewan, M., & Kulandaismy, Y. (2018).
Malaysian teachers’ insights into
implementing green chemistry experiments
in secondary schools. Current Opinion in
Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 13, 113-117.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2018.06.015
Kitchens, C., Charney, R., Naistat, D., Farrugia, J.,
Clarens, A., O'Neil, A., Lisowski, C., & Braun,
B. (2006). Completing our education. Green
chemistry in the curriculum. Journal of
Chemical Education, 83(8), 1126.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed083p1126
Kolopajlo, L. (2017). Green chemistry pedagogy.
Physical Sciences Reviews, 2(2), 1-25.
https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2016-0076
Linkwitz, M. & Eilks, I. (2020). Greening the senior
high school chemistry curriculum: An
action research initiative. In S. O. Obare,
C. H. Middlecamp, & K. E. Peterman (Eds.).
Chemistry education for a sustainable society
volume 1: High school, outreach, & global
perspectives (pp: 55-68). ACS Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2020-1344.ch005
Listyarini, R. V., Pamenang, F. D. N., Harta, J.,
Wijayanti, L. W., Asy'ari, M., & Lee, W. (2019).
The integration of green chemistry principles
into small scale chemistry practicum for
senior high school students. Indonesian
Journal of Science Education, 8(3), 371-378.
https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v8i3.19250
MacKellar, J.J., Constable, D.J., Kirchhoff, M.M.,
Hutchison, J.E., & Beckman, E. (2020).
Toward a green and sustainable chemistry
education road map. Journal of Chemical
Education, 97(8), 2104–2113.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00288
Matus, K.J., Clark, W.C., Anastas, P.T., & Zimmerman,
J.B. (2012). Barriers to the implementation
of green chemistry in the United States.
Environmental Science & Technology, 46(20),
10892-10899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es3021777
Nersesian, E., Spryszynski, A., & Lee, M.J. (2019).
Integration of virtual reality in secondary STEM
education. IEEE Integrated STEM Education
Conference (ISEC).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISECon.2019.8882070
Nowell, L.S., Norris, J.M., White, D.E., & Moules, N.J.
(2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the
trustworthiness criteria. International Journal
of Qualitative Methods, 16, 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
Owoyemi, T.E., & Adesina, A.S. (2020). Pre-service
and in-service chemistry teachers’ knowledge
and attitude to green chemistry in Lagos
State, Nigeria. Journal of Curriculum and
Instruction, 13(1), 22-33. file:///C:/Users/imcmain/
Downloads/91-Article%20Text-169-1-10-20200722.pdf
Paderes, N.M. (2018). Green chemistry perspective
among STEM 12 senior high school students.
IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and
Conservation, 24(1).
http://ejournals.ph/form/cite.php?id=13993
Pappas, E., Pappas, J., & Sweeney, D. (2015).
Walking the walk: Conceptual foundations
of the sustainable personality. Journal of
Cleaner Production, 86, 323-334.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.077
PÅ‚otka-Wasylka, J., Kurowska-Susdorf, A., Sajid,
M., Namieśnik, J., & Tobiszewski, M. (2018).
Green chemistry in higher education: State
of the art, challenges, and future trends.
ChemSusChem, 11, 2845-2858.
https//:doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801109
Raymond, I.J., & Raymond, C.M. (2019). Positive
psychology perspectives on social values and
their application to intentionally delivered
sustainability interventions. Sustainability
Science, 14, 1381–1393.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00705-9
Santos, R.G. & Guidote, A.M., Jr. (2015). The green
chemistry and Filipino approach to high
school experiments in Saint Paul College
Pasig. International Journal of Curriculum
and Instruction, 7(2), 51-57. https://www.
researchgate.net/publication/303686287_
The_green_chemistry_and_Filipino_
approach_to_high_school_experiments_in_
Saint_Paul_College_Pasig
Tabotabo-Picardal, M. & Paño, J.D. (2018).
Facilitating instruction of central dogma of
molecular biology through contextualization.
Journal of Teacher Education and Research, 13(2), 118-132.
https://doi.org/10.5958/2454-1664.2018.00012.5
Taha, H., Suppiah, V., Khoo, Y., Yahaya, A., Lee, T., &
Muhamad, D. M. (2018). Impact of student
initiated green chemistry experiment
on their knowledge, awareness and
practices of environmental sustainability.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1156, 012022.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1156/1/012022
Twelve more green chemistry principles. (2001).
Green Chemistry, 3(6), G73. https://doi.org/10.1039/b110187k
Wissinger, J.E., Knutson, C.M., & Javner, C.H. (2020).
Designing impactful green and sustainable
chemistry workshops for high school
teachers. In S. O. Obare, C. H. Middlecamp, &
K. E. Peterman (Eds.). Chemistry education for
a sustainable society volume 1: High school,
outreach, & global perspectives (pp. 1-14). ACS Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2020-1344.ch001
Zuin, V.G., Eilks, I., Elschami, M., & Kümmerer, K. (2021).
Education in green chemistry and in
sustainable chemistry: Perspectives towards
sustainability. Green Chemistry, 23(4),1594-1608.
https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC03313H
Curriculum enrichment of science,
technology and mathematics education as
a basis for developing entrepreneurship
skills. In N. A. Udofia (Ed.). Developing
entrepreneurial skills through STM education:
50th Annual Conference, 2009 (pp. 26-30).
HEBN Publishers
Anastas, P. & Eghbali, N. (2010). Green chemistry:
Principles and practice. Chemical Society
Reviews, 39(1), 301-312.
https://doi.org/10.1039/b918763b.
Anastas, P.T. & Warner, J.C. (1998). Green chemistry:
Theory and practice. Oxford University Press.
Andraos, J. & Dicks, A. (2012). Green chemistry
in higher education: A review of effective practices.
Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 13, 69-79.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C1RP90065J
Aubrecht, K.B., Bourgeois, M., Brush, E.J., Mackellar, J., & Wissinger, J.E. (2019).
Integrating green chemistry in the curriculum: Building student skills in
systems thinking, safety, and sustainability.
Journal of Chemical Education, 96(12), 2872–2880.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00354
Auliah, A. & Mulyadi, M. (2018). Indonesian teachers’
perceptions on green chemistry principles: A
case study of a chemical analyst vocational school.
Journal of Physics : Conference series, 1028, 012942.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1028/1/012042
Ause, R. (2018). Green chemistry in secondary
schools. Physical Sciences Reviews, 4(2).
https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2018-0081
Ballard, J., & Mooring, S.R. (2021). Cleaning our
world through green chemistry: Introducing
high school students to the principles of
green chemistry using a case-based learning
module. Journal of Chemical Education, 98(4),1290-1295.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00312
Birt, L., Scott, S., Cavers, D., Campbell, C., & Walter, F.
(2016). Member checking: A tool to enhance
trustworthiness or merely a nod to validation?
Qualitative Health Research, 26(13),1802-1811.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316654870
Cann, M. & Dickneider, T. (2004). Infusing the green
chemistry curriculum with green chemistry
using real-world examples, web modules, and
atom economy in organic chemistry courses.
Journal of Chemical Education, 81(7), 977-980.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed081p977
Collins T. (1995). Introducing green chemistry in
teaching and research. Journal of Chemical
Education, 72(11), 965–966.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed072p965
Creswell, J.W., & Plano-Clark, V.L. (2011). Designing
and conducting mixed methods research (2nd
ed.). Sage Publications.
Eze, C. (2015, May). Enriching chemistry teacher
education curriculum through integration of
green chemistry principles. Knowledge Review,
31(1), https://www.globalacademicgroup.
com/journals/knowledge%20review/
Chikwere.pdf
Gabucan, J., & Sanchez, J.M. (2021). Strategic
intervention material (SIM)-based instruction
in teaching global warming in 9th grade
science. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan
MIPA, 11(1), 15-24.
http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v11 i1.6448
Gross, E.M. (2012). Green chemistry and
sustainability: An undergraduate course for
science and nonscience majors. Journal of
Chemistry Education, 90(4), 429-431.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed200756z
Haack, J. (2016). Green chemistry education: 25
years of progress and 25 years ahead. ACS
Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering,
4(11), 5889-5896.
https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02069
Hussei, A.A., & Ahmed, S. D. (2021). Awareness of
the principles of green chemistry among
middle school teachers. Turkish Journal of
Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(7), 475-483.
https://doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i7.2607
Hutchison, J.E. (2019). Systems thinking and green
chemistry: Powerful levers for curricular
change and adoption. Journal of Chemical
Education, 96(12) 2777–2783.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00334
Karpudewan, M., & Kulandaismy, Y. (2018).
Malaysian teachers’ insights into
implementing green chemistry experiments
in secondary schools. Current Opinion in
Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 13, 113-117.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2018.06.015
Kitchens, C., Charney, R., Naistat, D., Farrugia, J.,
Clarens, A., O'Neil, A., Lisowski, C., & Braun,
B. (2006). Completing our education. Green
chemistry in the curriculum. Journal of
Chemical Education, 83(8), 1126.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed083p1126
Kolopajlo, L. (2017). Green chemistry pedagogy.
Physical Sciences Reviews, 2(2), 1-25.
https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2016-0076
Linkwitz, M. & Eilks, I. (2020). Greening the senior
high school chemistry curriculum: An
action research initiative. In S. O. Obare,
C. H. Middlecamp, & K. E. Peterman (Eds.).
Chemistry education for a sustainable society
volume 1: High school, outreach, & global
perspectives (pp: 55-68). ACS Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2020-1344.ch005
Listyarini, R. V., Pamenang, F. D. N., Harta, J.,
Wijayanti, L. W., Asy'ari, M., & Lee, W. (2019).
The integration of green chemistry principles
into small scale chemistry practicum for
senior high school students. Indonesian
Journal of Science Education, 8(3), 371-378.
https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v8i3.19250
MacKellar, J.J., Constable, D.J., Kirchhoff, M.M.,
Hutchison, J.E., & Beckman, E. (2020).
Toward a green and sustainable chemistry
education road map. Journal of Chemical
Education, 97(8), 2104–2113.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00288
Matus, K.J., Clark, W.C., Anastas, P.T., & Zimmerman,
J.B. (2012). Barriers to the implementation
of green chemistry in the United States.
Environmental Science & Technology, 46(20),
10892-10899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es3021777
Nersesian, E., Spryszynski, A., & Lee, M.J. (2019).
Integration of virtual reality in secondary STEM
education. IEEE Integrated STEM Education
Conference (ISEC).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISECon.2019.8882070
Nowell, L.S., Norris, J.M., White, D.E., & Moules, N.J.
(2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the
trustworthiness criteria. International Journal
of Qualitative Methods, 16, 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
Owoyemi, T.E., & Adesina, A.S. (2020). Pre-service
and in-service chemistry teachers’ knowledge
and attitude to green chemistry in Lagos
State, Nigeria. Journal of Curriculum and
Instruction, 13(1), 22-33. file:///C:/Users/imcmain/
Downloads/91-Article%20Text-169-1-10-20200722.pdf
Paderes, N.M. (2018). Green chemistry perspective
among STEM 12 senior high school students.
IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and
Conservation, 24(1).
http://ejournals.ph/form/cite.php?id=13993
Pappas, E., Pappas, J., & Sweeney, D. (2015).
Walking the walk: Conceptual foundations
of the sustainable personality. Journal of
Cleaner Production, 86, 323-334.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.077
PÅ‚otka-Wasylka, J., Kurowska-Susdorf, A., Sajid,
M., Namieśnik, J., & Tobiszewski, M. (2018).
Green chemistry in higher education: State
of the art, challenges, and future trends.
ChemSusChem, 11, 2845-2858.
https//:doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801109
Raymond, I.J., & Raymond, C.M. (2019). Positive
psychology perspectives on social values and
their application to intentionally delivered
sustainability interventions. Sustainability
Science, 14, 1381–1393.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00705-9
Santos, R.G. & Guidote, A.M., Jr. (2015). The green
chemistry and Filipino approach to high
school experiments in Saint Paul College
Pasig. International Journal of Curriculum
and Instruction, 7(2), 51-57. https://www.
researchgate.net/publication/303686287_
The_green_chemistry_and_Filipino_
approach_to_high_school_experiments_in_
Saint_Paul_College_Pasig
Tabotabo-Picardal, M. & Paño, J.D. (2018).
Facilitating instruction of central dogma of
molecular biology through contextualization.
Journal of Teacher Education and Research, 13(2), 118-132.
https://doi.org/10.5958/2454-1664.2018.00012.5
Taha, H., Suppiah, V., Khoo, Y., Yahaya, A., Lee, T., &
Muhamad, D. M. (2018). Impact of student
initiated green chemistry experiment
on their knowledge, awareness and
practices of environmental sustainability.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1156, 012022.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1156/1/012022
Twelve more green chemistry principles. (2001).
Green Chemistry, 3(6), G73. https://doi.org/10.1039/b110187k
Wissinger, J.E., Knutson, C.M., & Javner, C.H. (2020).
Designing impactful green and sustainable
chemistry workshops for high school
teachers. In S. O. Obare, C. H. Middlecamp, &
K. E. Peterman (Eds.). Chemistry education for
a sustainable society volume 1: High school,
outreach, & global perspectives (pp. 1-14). ACS Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2020-1344.ch001
Zuin, V.G., Eilks, I., Elschami, M., & Kümmerer, K. (2021).
Education in green chemistry and in
sustainable chemistry: Perspectives towards
sustainability. Green Chemistry, 23(4),1594-1608.
https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC03313H
Downloads
Published
2021-12-01
How to Cite
Carangue, D. G., Geverola, I. J. R., Jovero, M. B., Lopez, E. N. B., Pizaña, A. D., Salmo, J. M., Silvosa, J. A., & Picardal, J. P. (2021). Green Chemistry Education among Senior High School Chemistry Teachers: Knowledge, Perceptions, and Level of Integration. Recoletos Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 9(2), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.32871/rmrj2109.02.04
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright of the Journal belongs to the University of San Jose-Recoletos
